Exact numerics

Exact-number data types are values where the precision and scale are preserved: bigint, int, smallint, tinyint, bit, decimal, numeric, money and smallmoney.

int, bigint, smallint and tinyint

Exact-number data types that use integer data.

Data type	Range	Storage
bigint	-2^63 (-9,223,372,036,854,775,808) to 2^63-1 (9,223,372,036,854,775,807)	8 Bytes
int	-2^31 (-2,147,483,648) to 2^31-1 (2,147,483,647)	4 Bytes
smallint	-2^15 (-32,768) to 2^15-1 (32,767)	2 Bytes
tinyint	0 to 255	1 Byte

decimal and numeric

Numeric data types that have fixed precision and scale.

decimal [ (p[ ,s] )] and numeric[ (p[ ,s] )] Fixed precision and scale numbers. When maximum precision is used, valid values are from - 10^38 +1 through 10^38 - 1. The ISO synonyms for decimal are dec and dec(p, s). numeric is functionally equivalent to decimal.

p (precision) The maximum total number of decimal digits that will be stored, both to the left and to the right of the decimal point. The precision must be a value from 1 through the maximum precision of 38. The default precision is 18.

s (scale) The number of decimal digits that will be stored to the right of the decimal point. This number is subtracted from p to determine the maximum number of digits to the left of the decimal point. The scale must be a value from 0 through p. The scale can be specified only if precision is specified. The default scale is 0; therefore, 0 <= s <= p. Maximum storage sizes vary, based on the precision.

money and smallmoney

Data types that represent monetary or currency values.

Data type	Range	Storage
money	-922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807	8 bytes
smallmoney	-214,748.3648 to 214,748.3647	4 bytes

bit

An integer data type that can take the value 1, 0 or NULL — used for storing Boolean values.